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Light level geolocator
A light level geolocator, light-level logger or GLS is essentially a lightweight, electronic archival tracking device, usually used in bird migration research to map migration routes, identify important staging areas, and sometimes provide additional ecological information. A geolocator periodically records ambient light level (solar irradiance) to determine location.
==History==
Animal tracking using light level data appears to have been first carried out on elephant seals. Although not described until 1992, the first device to be developed was reportedly in 1989 as an adaptation of a TDR (time-depth recorder) and called a geographic location, time-depth recorder (GLTDR) weighing 196g.〔Documenting Migrations of Northern Elephant Seals Using Day Length, Delong R.L., Stewart B.S., Hill R.D., Marine Mammal Science 8:155-159, 1992〕 Also in 1992 was a publication by a different group with a similar design (weight 113g) who called it a global location sensor (GLS) though no field use was mentioned.〔Estimation of location: global coverage using light intensity, Wilson R.P., Ducamp J., Rees W.G., Culik B.M., Niekamp K., in Wildlife Telemetry: remote monitoring and tracking of animals, Priede I.M., Swift S.M. (eds), Ellis Horward, Chichester, p131-134, 1992〕
The use of dedicated light level recorders for tracking birds was pioneered in the 1990s by engineers and scientists at the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) who first developed a device in an attempt to record the movements of juvenile wandering albatross during the many years between fledging and returning to their colony to breed. From albatrosses and other seabirds the use of geolocators has been extended to other migratory species, including waders, wildfowl, raptors and songbirds as designs have become gradually smaller and more energy efficient.
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